Abstract

Biological evolution is a continuous process of transformation intimately linked with the environment. It is governed by neither random variations nor environmental dominance; instead, it actively targets the environment through the mechanism of automatic regulation. The formation of biological evolution and adaptability is an automatic regulation process. Organisms represent a strict yet highly flexible automatic regulation system. Biological evolution is the manifestation of this automatic control process. Environmental conditions, known as natural selection, play neither a creative nor editorial role in biological evolution; rather, they serve as a stimulus or inducing factor that promotes biological evolution and is the target in the automatic control process. When organisms encounter a new and changing environment, they must continuously self-regulate to narrow the gap with the new environment, thereby gaining adaptability. As the environment gradually changes, organisms continuously self-regulate, demonstrating a regular pattern of evolution and development. The essence of cybernetics lies in achieving control by gradually narrowing the range of possibilities through self-regulation within a broad space of possibilities. Consequently, the control process is also a selection process. It is an automatic regulation program that tracks a target and investigates the mechanism by which things transform from randomness (the space of possibilities) to inevitability in the development process. The cybernetics of biological evolution unifies acquired inheritance and natural selection, providing a reasonable answer to the long-debated central issue of evolution.

Key words: Principle of equilibrium automatic regulation, biological evolution cybernetics, possibility space, primo-protoplasm.