Proportion of safe abortion and associated factors among women who seek abortion care services in family guidance and Marie Stopes International Clinic in Dessie Town, North East Ethiopia
October 2017
In Ethiopia, abortion is illegal except in cases where the mother’s and fetal life is in danger. As such, little is known about safe abortion. This study aimed to assess proportion of safe abortion and associated factors among women who seek abortion care services in Family Health Guidance and Marie Stopes International Clinics, Dessie town, North East Ethiopia. Cross-sectional study was conducted among 422...
The economic strength of caregivers of orphans and vulnerable children in Akwa Ibom and Rivers States, Nigeria
September 2017
The true statistics of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) in Nigeria is not well known. Therefore, a lack of empirical data on the economic conditions of OVC in Nigeria has hampered the development of effective intervention strategies to mitigate their economic needs. This study assessed the economic activities and capabilities of caregivers in enrolled vulnerable households in Akwa Ibom and Rivers States into a...
Tuberculosis data sampling of a district hospital in Malawi: An epidemiological perspective
September 2017
This study is a direct hands-on epidemiological sampling of a hospital data of registered patients for tuberculosis (TB) in the Kasungu District Hospital of Malawi. The data for the year 2013 and 2014 were chosen as the latest but random sample to analyze whether the data fit in and follow the broad pattern of the country at the national level and also at the global level. The data represent convoluted results of...
Knowledge of rabies in and around Nekemte Town, Ethiopia
September 2017
Rabies is a serious fatal disease and a public health problem in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to investigate knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to rabies and its prevention and control amongst households in Nekemte town and its surroundings. A cross-sectional study design was used. A multistage sampling procedure with simple random sampling technique was employed to select households. The data were...
Magnitude and predictors of antenatal care (ANC) completion among mothers attending delivery and post-natal service in Jimma town, Oromia Region, South West Ethiopia
September 2017
Antenatal care is more beneficial in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes when received early and continued till delivery. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends at least four antenatal care visits for women with no complication. Conversely, survey data from Ethiopia showed that only one third are initiated early. Thus, assessing magnitude and factors affecting antenatal care (ANC) completion is required for public...
Determinants of practices for dengue diagnosis among healthcare professionals working in public hospitals of Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
August 2017
Dengue has become a major public health concern in Cote d’Ivoire since 2010. In malaria endemic countries, such as Cote d’Ivoire, healthcare workers often confuse dengue with other tropical fevers, such as malaria. However, to control dengue fever, healthcare workers must be knowledgeable about this disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitude, and...
Barber’s knowledge and practice of biological hazards in relation to their occupation: A case of Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia
August 2017
Many health hazards plus other contagious diseases and skin infections are related to barbers’ occupation, to which their clients are exposed to. Barbers’ awareness and practice plays a vital part in the hindrance and management of these health related risks. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge and practice of barbers regarding biological hazards related to their occupation in...
Socioeconomic conditions and health hazards of brick field workers: A case study of Mymensingh brick industrial area of Bangladesh
July 2017
The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of brick kilns on socioeconomic conditions working environment, hazards and risk associated with each of the tasks as well as the negative effect of hazardous work of brick field workers. A semi-structured survey has been served as the main data collection method from the different 9 brick fields of Gouripur and Ishwargonj sub district under the Mymensingh district...
Prevalence of intestinal parasites in children from four to twelve years in the city of Itapetim- PE Brazil
July 2017
The intestinal parasitosis constitutes one of the main problems of public health, presenting itself endemic in several areas of Brazil. They may be closely related to socio-demographic and environmental factors; and the child population is often hardest hit. In this context, the objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of intestinal parasites in children aged 4 to 12 years belonging to the city of...
Perceptions of school going adolescents about substance abuse in Ramotswa, Botswana
June 2017
Drug and substance abuse is a global public health problem affecting adolescents and young adults especially in developing countries. This study investigated the perceptions of school-going adolescents about substance abuse in Ramotswa, Botswana. A cross-sectional design study using mixed methods was used to collect data from primary, junior and senior secondary school children aged 13 to 19 years. Some 207 school...
Community based cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitudes and practices towards rabies in Munesa District, Arsi Zone, Southeastern Ethiopia
June 2017
Rabies, one of the oldest and deadliest diseases known to human, is incurable and neglected viral zoonosis which has been threatening the human life for many years despite being entirely preventable. Community awareness play significant role in preventing this fatal disease. Therefore, this cross sectional study was conducted from November to December 2016 with the objective to assess the community knowledge, attitudes,...
Socio-demographic profile of individuals who received care from a Brazilian out-patient oncology clinic between 2010 and 2011
June 2017
Cancer encompasses more than 100 diseases that increase in frequency in older populations. Causal agents include hereditary factors, as well as the exposure to environmental elements. Socio-demographic profile, as a determinant of exposure to different environmental factors, also affects cancer incidence. In Brazil, between 2010 and 2011, 489.270 new cases of cancer were recorded. In face of these facts, the...
Delivery at home and associated factors among women in child bearing age, who gave birth in the preceding two years in Zala Woreda, southern Ethiopia
June 2017
A key intervention to achieve the goal of maternal mortality reduction in deliveries that occur at home is significant. In Ethiopia, the MMR has reduced from 676/100,000 live births in 2011 to 420/100,000 live births in 2013 with a skilled attendant of 23%, whereas 77% deliveries occurred at home without proper medical attention and care during childbirth. Little is known about cultural factors that contribute to home...
Assessment of respiratory symptoms and associated factors among solid waste collectors in Yeka Sub City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
June 2017
Respiratory symptoms are frequently manifested among solid waste collectors. They are suffering from respiratory diseases because of frequent exposure to waste materials containing pathogenic materials and chemicals hazards for human being. Cross-sectional study was carried out to assess prevalence of respiratory symptoms and associated factors among solid waste workers in Yeka sub city, Addis Ababa from March to...
A 14 year review of neonatal tetanus at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Northwest Nigeria
May 2017
Neonatal tetanus (NNT) is still one of the major preventable causes of neonatal death in Nigeria. It is a disease of poverty, adverse social and environmental conditions. The aim of the study was to review neonatal tetanus cases, determine the prevalence, disease outcome and what possible interventions can be done in the study area to reduce its prevalence. This was a retrospective study of cases of NNT seen in Special...
Knowledge, attitude and practice of self-medication among health science students at Debre Markos University, Northwest Ethiopia
May 2017
Self-medication is defined as obtaining and consuming drugs without the advice of a physician either for diagnosis, prescription or surveillance of treatment. Self-medication can lead to wasteful expenditure, increase in morbidities due to adverse events and resistance to antibiotics. So enhancing the knowledge and attitude of consumers is very important to reduce practice of self-medication. The objective of the study...
Descriptive epidemiology of orofacial clefts in Africa using data from 46,502 Smile Train surgeries
May 2017
The descriptive epidemiology of orofacial clefts (OFC) is an essential prerequisite towards improved care, investigations into the etiology, and eventually prevention. In the present study the distribution of OFC in sub-Saharan Africa using post-surgical data from the Smile Train organization, was examined. Data from 46,502 individuals from Ethiopia (16,049), Nigeria (8,209), Uganda (5,138), Kenya (4,084), Tanzania...
Sero-epidemiological investigation and risk factors for contagious bovine pleuro pneumonia infection of cattle in Dello Mena and Sawena Districts of Bale Zone, South Eastern Ethiopia
May 2017
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a highly infectious cattle disease, which is widespread in pastoral areas of Africa and it is a major problem for Ethiopian livestock. A cross-sectional study on sero-epidemiology and risk factors for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia infection of cattle in Dello Mena and Sawena districts of Bale Zone was conducted from February, 2016 to May, 2016. Competitive Enzyme Linked...
Magnitude of maternal complications and associated obstetric factors among women who gave birth by cesarean section at Arba-Minich General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: Retrospective cohort
May 2017
Cesarean section is the most common major surgical procedure in obstetrics and gynecology in the world. Though advance in cesarean section technique, it still poses higher maternal morbidity and mortality than vaginal delivery. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of maternal complications (Including the presence of one of the intera-operative surgical complication or postoperative maternal complication;...
Modeling health status using the logarithmic biophysical modulator
May 2017
There are different methods to measure health and nutritional status of samples at different sociodemographic settlements in different communities. Of them, one method can be preferable at a certain topographic condition for specific group of people. Typically, it can then become a common method due to widespread uses by other groups, and hence many researchers often are in doubt to choose the apt method for their...
Blood pressure pattern and hypertension related risk factors in an urban community in Southwest Nigeria: The Mokola hypertension initiative project, Ibadan, Nigeria
April 2017
There is rising incidence of hypertension especially among children and young adults in Nigeria. Hypertension in childhood could be harbinger for adult hypertension. This study looked at the prevalence of hypertension in children and adults in an urban community. A cross sectional survey was conducted among 5,733 respondents aged 3 to 78 years residents in Mokola Ibadan, South Western Nigeria selected using a multistage...
Role of treatment supporters beyond monitoring daily drug intake for TB-patients: Findings from a qualitative study in Nigeria
April 2017
This research was conducted in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja of Nigeria and aimed at discovering areas of support needs required by TB patients from Treatment Supporters (TS), from the perspectives of TB patients, as compared to what the managers of TB program consider as ideal support. Here, qualitative design using Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), In-depth Interview (IDI) and Key Informant Interview (KII)...
Health seeking behaviour among particularly vulnerable tribal groups: A case study of Nilgiris
April 2017
The article hinged upon exploring the patterns and determinants of healthcare utilization and financing amongst particularly vulnerable tribal groups (PVTG's) in Nilgiri district of Tamil Nadu. Three PVTG’s viz Paniyas (P), Kattunayakans (KN) and Bettakurumbas (BK) are explored in the study. These groups have some quint essential features impacting the healthcare seeking behaviour e.g. Paniyas were subject to...
Risky sexual behavior and associated factors among youth in Haramaya Secondary and Preparatory School, East Ethiopia, 2015
April 2017
World Health Organization (WHO) defines “youths” as age group of 15 to 24 years, and are characterized by significant physiological, psychological and social changes that place their life at high risk. Youth who initiate sexual activity earlier get exposed to risks such as sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancy, at a time when their developmental status places them at a disadvantage in the...
Malaria prevention practices among pregnant women resident in two Nigeria army barracks, Ibadan, South Western, Nigeria
April 2017
Malaria in pregnancy is one of the major disease burdens of public health significance in sub-Saharan Africa. Comprehensive preventive strategy including intermittent preventive treatment and effective use of insecticide treated bed nets has been recommended among pregnant women in endemic regions. However the extent to which these preventive strategies are utilized are not fully explored among pregnant women living in...
A study on the fungi isolated from the carpeting, walls and prayer beads from the “New Mosque and Nuruosmaniye Mosque†situated in the province of Istanbul
March 2017
Mosques which are visited by many people every day, for both worship and touristic purposes, play an important role in the spread of infections in society. It is for this reason that research into the fungal concentrations found on the carpets, walls and prayer beads in mosques may prove instrumental in determining potential risks and in protecting the health of visitors. The sampling of fungus content from the...
Retrospective study on rabies at selected districts of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia
March 2017
A retrospective study was conducted on the prevalence of rabies at selected districts of Tigray (Gantafeshum, Enderta, Mekelle, and Adigrat) from 2008 to April 2009 for human and animals. In addition to the retrospective study, a questionnaire was also prepared and circulated to 420 study participants. As per the information collected, 267 animals and humans died of rabies and the highest percentage of cases was in dogs...
Prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion and associated factors among women in North Ethiopia
March 2017
Literature shows that cervical cancer is very prevalent among women living in low resource settings. Once it progresses to invasive cervical cancer, its cost is very high. Thus, screening cervical cancer is highly recommended in poor settings including Ethiopia, where the disease burden is very high. However, little is documented on the prevalence and determinants of precancerous cervical lesion among healthy women....
Caregivers’ knowledge, home treatment of diarrhoea disease and predictors of child diarrhoea disease in a semi urban community of Sokoto, North-west, Nigeria
February 2017
The World Health Organization advocates on some form of home treatment of children with diarrhoea disease in its Integrated Management of Childhood illness (IMCI) guideline. Caregivers need to have some knowledge of diarrhoea disease as well as know what is expected of them when their children start to have episodes of diarrhoea disease. This study aimed to assess caregivers’ knowledge, home treatment...
Short term medical mission: Serving the underserved patients in south southern Nigeria
February 2017
Medical missions focus on assessing the medical needs of the population encountered and providing medical opinions/ consultation, medications and surgeries. These missions are necessary due to a lack of sustainability principles and limited capacity building opportunities and institutional development in developing nations. These mission have led to increased volunteerism of highly skilled medical practitioners from the...
Prevalence of occupational injuries and associated factors among construction workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
January 2017
The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of occupational injuries and associated factors among building construction workers. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 15 licensed building construction companies in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling was used to recruit 809 study participants. Data was collected using face to face interview and observational checklist. The data...
A Community-sensor index as a tool for public health surveillance of malaria drug resistance
January 2017
Infectious diseases like tuberculosis, malaria and the human immunodeficiency virus are both preventable and curable but cause about half of the deaths in the developing world. They affect people in the prime of their productive lives, inflicting a very heavy impact on development, opportunities and livelihood. Poverty is the end result with an enormous toll on the economy of developing nations. As such, the community...
Occurrence of verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) in processed chicken from retail chicken markets in FCT, Abuja, Nigeria
December 2016
Chicken meat is one of the predominantly consumed foods of animal origin in Nigeria with constant increase in demand normally met by local retail market. Processed chicken at the retail chicken meat markets in Abuja were screened for the presence of verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) strains. A total of 273 faecal samples were collected using moistened sterile swabs and processed for E. coli isolation following...
Modeling the risks of Ebola reemergence in Nigeria: Any lessons from outbreaks in Africa?
December 2016
Ebola virus Disease EVD is deleterious to the health system, food security and social activities. However, here we highlight the risk and fiscal impact an outbreak can exert - economic cost (direct cost of clinical treatment, contact tracing and surveillance system) and repugnant cost on the citizens and foreign business partners. This paper reviews the indicator parameters (risk factors) that can lead to an EVD index...
Engaging currently available tested and proven strategies to tackle Hepatitis B viral epidemic: The HBV-4-Pronged Approach (HBV4PA)
December 2016
Globally, Hepatitis B viral infection is a major epidemic and responsible for one of the commonest cancers in males reference needed because the HBsAg seroprevalence in males slightly higher than females, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. However, although its treatment is available and effective, it is out of the reach of the common person. Many have, because of cost of treatment, succumbed to the chronic effects of...
Prevalence of intestinal parasites of the human population in the City of Pombal-PB, Brazil
December 2016
The intestinal parasitic diseases caused by protozoa and helminths are infestations that may trigger changes in the physical, psychosomatic and social state of patients, directly interfering with their quality of life. The aim of this study is to determine the major intestinal parasites causing diseases that are distributed in the City of Pombal-PB, either in endemic or epidemic form, and to observe the...
Sensitivity analysis of the economic burden using social insurance claim data
December 2016
The study is aimed at examining changes in economic burden in comparison with figures cited in previous studies. Data from South Korea’s National Health Insurance claims database are used to measure the economic burden of chronic disease. Both direct and indirect costs are considered. Direct costs are those associated directly with treatment, medication, and transportation, and indirect costs are assessed in terms...
The persistence of tuberculosis in the United States: Spatial analysis and predictive modeling in the move toward elimination of tuberculosis (TB)
November 2016
Though tuberculosis (TB) prevalence has decreased dramatically in the United States, its continual presence remains a threat to those whose needs are often overlooked. Those already impacted by poverty are the most vulnerable to TB, and stand to bear the worst health impacts, should they contract this disease. Mathematical modeling and spatial analysis have become invaluable tools in TB surveillance monitoring and...
Leukaemia incidence in residents of municipalities in the State of Rio de Janeiro between 2006 and 2014
November 2016
This research aims to study incidence of acute leukaemia in adults living under potential environmental exposure to industrial emissions in selected cities in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It evaluates the incidence of hospitalizations for leukaemia among residents of 19 metropolitan areas of the State of Rio de Janeiro registered in the Brazilian Health Care System (SUS) between January 2006 and March 2014,...
Prevalence of major depressive disorder among Spanish adolescents
November 2016
The main objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) among adolescents in a city of 200,000 inhabitants using a psychiatric diagnostic tool. We also looked into how possible internal/external factors may influence prevalence and examined the comorbidity between MDD and other psychiatric disorders. The study population included 1,238 adolescents in their final year of...
Risk factors associated with cholera outbreak in Bauchi and Gombe States in North East Nigeria
November 2016
This study investigated the risk factors associated with cholera epidemic during the 2010 cholera outbreak in some States in Nigeria. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to consented patients and/or their parents/guardians in Bauchi and Gombe States in North East Nigeria. Few (33.7%) respondents had access to safe and clean drinking water through the pipe-borne system compared to well (47.8%) and river...
Nutritional status and associated factors among primary school adolescents of pastoral and agro-pastoral communities, Mieso Woreda, Somali Region, Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study
November 2016
Globally, malnutrition among adolescents is a major public health concern. Despite the emergence of a number of advancements in areas of health and nutrition services in developing countries including Ethiopia, nutritional status of adolescents is not yet commonly included in health and nutrition surveys and an up-to-date overview of their nutritional status across the world is not available. Even the existing studies...
Internal medicine resident knowledge and perceptions regarding electronic cigarettes
November 2016
Electronic cigarettes are an important public health concern. Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death and morbidity worldwide and is a risk factor for six of the eight leading global causes of death. E-cigarettes have been proposed as an enticing prospect to reduce the harms of conventional tobacco use. However, they are increasingly used by middle-school and high-school students and threaten important...
Patient knowledge and behavioral factors leading to non-adherence to tuberculosis treatment in Khartoum State, Sudan
November 2016
Although tuberculosis is a curable and preventable disease, defaulting from treatment can prolong infectiousness leading to increased transmission, an increased risk of drug resistance, relapse and death. Our objective was to identify patient related determinants (including knowledge and awareness, opinion about TB services and behavioral factors) of treatment defaulting among TB patients in Khartoum State, Sudan....
The cost-effectiveness of an updated theory-based online health behavior intervention for new university students: U@Uni2
October 2016
The transition to university marks a point where young people may be open to changing health behaviours such as smoking, exercise, diet and alcohol intake. This study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of an updated online health behaviour intervention for new university students in the UK – “U@Uni2”, compared with both a control (measurement only) scenario and with the original intervention...
The prevalence and predisposing factors of norovirus and astrovirus infection among diarrheic children in north east, Nigeria
October 2016
This is a case-control study design that aims to determine the prevalence of norovirus and astrovirus infections in diarrheic children in Northeast region of Nigeria. Six hundred diarrheic stools (which were neither mucoid nor blood tinged) of children of 5 years or below were collected between May 2013 – April 2014. They were screened according to the manufacturer’s instruction, using a 3rd generation...
Effect of an educational program on awareness of cervical cancer and uptake of Pap smear among market women in Niger State, North Central Nigeria
October 2016
Cervical cancer is an important but preventable public health problem among women worldwide. Studies have shown low awareness about cervical cancer and its screening test. The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of an educational intervention programme on awareness of cervical cancer and uptake of Pap smear by women in selected markets in Niger State, Nigeria. This was a quasi-experimental study...
Creatinine height index as a predictor of nutritional status among patients with liver cirrhosis
October 2016
Assessment of nutritional status in cirrhotic patients is very difficult, and there is no gold-standard method used for nutritional evaluation of these patients. The study aims to assess the role of creatinine height index in evaluation of nutritional status of patients with liver cirrhosis, and to compare its results with different ordinary methods used for nutritional assessment. The study was cross sectional...
Analysis of hospital account of malaria cases in a Malawian hospital
October 2016
The current study has been undertaken by studying the data from the hospital registers at the Kasugu District Hospital, Malawi. The malaria cases of 2014 were chosen for the study. They typically represent disease distribution based on the ages and genders of the patients. The data suggest that the cure rates among patients under age 5 and above do not have any significant difference, contrary to the commonly...
Road fatalities in Trinidad: A geographic information system approach
October 2016
This paper aims to examine road fatalities using a GIS approach in Trinidad in an effort to provide recommendations on how road collisions and the number of casualties can be mitigated. In order to achieve this, the paper has examined a number of maps of Trinidad. The study examined data generated from maps of Trinidad using the Arc GIS Maps 10 software. Different variables were used to manipulate the data and these...
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