Association of glycaemia control, age and duration of morbidity with the quality of life in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the tertiary care hospital in field practice area of Ottapalam Palakad
June 2020
Diabetes is a chronic progressive endocrine disease characterized by elevation of blood glucose level. This disease is associated with decreased life expectancy; increased morbidity and diminished quality of life. The objective of the study is to assess the correlation of glycaemic control, age and duration of disease with quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present cross-sectional study...
A study on the relationship between Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination and Covid-19 prevalence: Do other confounders warrant investigation?
June 2020
The Covid-19 pandemic, which originated from Wuhan, Hubei province, China, and quickly spread to the rest of the globe is caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Preliminary data suggest a relationship between the BCG vaccine and the prevalence of Covid-19. The vaccine is used in the prevention of tuberculosis, a disease that is most prevalent in developing countries. To determine the potential protective role of Bacillus...
Performance of the routine health information system for epidemiological surveillance of road traffic injuries in Benin
June 2020
Road crashes are the leading cause of death among people aged 15 and above. The routine health information system is used to monitor common hospital illnesses, including road traffic injuries. The objective of this study was to evaluate its performance in the surveillance of road traffic injuries in Benin in 2019. This was an evaluative study, based on updated guidelines from the Centre for Disease Prevention and...
Supply and demand side factors influencing utilization of infant and young child feeding in Gibe District, Hadiya Zone, South Ethiopia
June 2020
Although infant and young child feeding practices play an important role in reducing early childhood morbidity and mortality, very large proportions of women do not practice optimal breastfeeding and complementary feeding for their children in Ethiopia. Till date, none has addressed the supply and demand side factors that influence infant and young child feeding practices (IYCFP). This work aims to assess supply and...
Epidemiology of tuberculosis in the Somme Department, France five years after implementation of the French National Tuberculosis Program
June 2020
In order to assess the measures involved in the control of tuberculosis in the Somme Department, France, five years after the implementation of the French National Tuberculosis Program, we found it essential to describe the precise epidemiology on this disease. All reported cases of tuberculosis between 2007 and 2011 were retrospectively included and a descriptive analysis of the incidence of the disease and...
Epidemiological and demographic factors associated with diarrhoea in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
May 2020
Diarrhoea is a disease condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day. It often lasts for a few days leading to dehydration as a result of fluid and electrolyte losses. The aim of this study was to identify epidemiological factors leading to diarrhoea amongst children (0–5) years in selected hospitals in Makurdi, Benue State. An interviewer structured questionnaire was administered to...
How United States healthcare can learn from Costa Rica: A literature review
May 2020
As the development and upkeep of the United States healthcare becomes increasingly debated in society, the systems in place of other successful countries provide opportunities for erudition and comparison. One country’s system which seems to be consistently overlooked despite its vast improvement to the country is Costa Rica’s universal healthcare. In this comprehensive study of the healthcare systems in...
Prevalence and risk factors for pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in Northern Tanzania
April 2020
Pre-eclampsia/Eclampsia has significant impact on maternal and perinatal health. Little is known about prevalence and risk factors for pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in Tanzania. This study aimed to determine prevalence and risk factors for pre-eclampsia/eclampsia among women who delivered at KCMC hospital between 2000 and 2014. Retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at KCMC medical birth registry....
A narrative synthesis on COVID-19 risks and concerns in developing countries: The case of Ethiopia
April 2020
In this review, we addressed risk factors for the spread of COVID-19 in the perspective of developing countries, and necessary measures to be undertaken to minimize or control its consequential crisis. Databases such as MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus and websites of WHO, CDC, and ECDC were searched for relevant information and a narrative analysis approach was followed. As of April 10, 2020,...
Quality of life of HIV patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A scoping review
March 2020
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is one of the life-threatening conditions that affect various domains of patients’ life. The quality of life (QoL) of HIV patients has emerged as a major public health concern. People living with HIV (PLHIV) experience numerous problems that range from discrimination, changes in the patterns of relationships (intimacy), loss of social status, role, jobs and financial...
Evaluation of the delivery of biological specimens from health care facilities to the National Laboratory in Abidjan, Cote D’ivoire
March 2020
In 2018, the National Institute of Public Hygiene (INHP) signed an agreement with a courier deliver company to transport specimens from health facilities at district level to the national laboratory in Abidjan. This study aims to evaluate the quality of the specimens transport system, one year after implementation. The duration of specimen’s delivery was used as a quality indicator. It is the difference between...
A mixed method approach for the assessment of demand creation intervention strategy for polio eradication on exclusive breast feeding in Northern Nigeria
February 2020
The Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria introduced incentives such as sachets milk powder to increase demand for oral polio vaccine (OPV). This study assessed whether the milk encourages the use of breast milk substitutes thereby dis-incentivising exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in children during the first six months of life. A cross sectional design with mixed method was used for collecting quantitative and qualitative...
Assessment of healthcare facilities location and medical waste generation and handling in Nigeria
February 2020
This paper assessed healthcare facilities location and medical waste generation and handling in Nigeria. Analysis such as descriptive statistics, correlation and factor analysis was carried out to identify gaps in healthcare facilities location and medical waste management in Nigeria. The population-to-healthcare provider ratio and healthcare waste generation rates in Nigeria were also analysed. The north central...
Hypertension and associated factors in Atlantic region of Benin in 2015: A community-based study
January 2020
Hypertension is a major public health problem that does not spare Sub-Saharan Africa and especially Benin. There is scarce data on the factors associated with this condition in areas of high population pressure in Benin. We investigated factors associated with hypertension in Atlantic region. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in Benin in the Atlantic region for people aged 18 and over. This was an analysis of data...
Factors associated with low birth weight at Tchamba District Hospital, Togo: 2014 to 2016
January 2020
In 2013, in Togo, the Demographic and Health Survey III estimated the proportion of low birth weight at 10%. The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with low birth weight in Togo. We conducted a case-control study on newborn records from Tchamba Hospital from 2014 to 2016. Cases were newborns with birth weight strictly below 2500 g whereas controls were those with a weight greater than or...
Survival and predictors of mortality from multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among patients treated at MDR-TB Referal Hospitals in Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study
January 2020
The extent and burden of MDR-TB varies significantly from country to country. In Africa, fewer than half of patients receiving therapy for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) are successfully treated. Even though MDR-TB treatment was started in 2009 survival of MDR-TB treatment particularly of adverse treatment outcome is not studied in national level. Institution based retrospective cohort study was conducted at...
Psychoactive substance: Determining its harmful and dependent use patterns and associated level of risks among high school students in Afar region, Ethiopia
January 2020
This research investigates psychoactive substance abuse that causes significant health problems in its various chemical effects. It also determines the patterns of its use and level of risk of harm assessment to humans. Harmful determination is dependent upon patterns used in psychoactive substance and its associated level of risk among high school students in Afar region, Ethiopia. The study described a survey of 400...
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices of healthcare workers about prevention and control of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis at Infectious Diseases Hospital Kano, Nigeria
January 2020
Tuberculosis is one of the major public health problems in Kano. With the occurrence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, little is known about the views of health care workers on this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals about prevention and control of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) at Infectious Diseases Hospital (IDH), Kano,...
Unmatchability of mobile phone and handlebar: Predictors among professional motorcyclists at Cotonou (Benin)
December 2019
In Benin, professional motorcyclists represent a consistent part of transport services, particularly in the city of Cotonou. However, this activity remains poorly regulated, which contributes to the development of risky behaviors. Among these latter, there is not enough evidence about the use of mobile phones while driving. The study aims to estimate the prevalence of mobile phone use while driving and to identify the...
Resurgence of yaws in Benin: Four confirmed cases in the district of Zè, Southern Benin
December 2019
Yaws is an infectious neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by the Treponema pallidum pertenue which is highly contagious and transmitted through direct contact with an infected person. It mainly affects skin, bone and cartilage and predominantly in children under 15 years of age. The last cases in Benin were documented in 1982 in the districts of Adjohoun, Bonou and Dangbo in Southern Benin. In line with the global...
Factors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis treatment failure in Togo, 2015-2016
November 2019
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment failure compromises its elimination as recommended by Sustainable Development Goals. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors associated with pulmonary TB treatment failure in Togo between 2015 and 2016. An unmatched case-control study was conducted on cases of pulmonary TB under treatment at all of 47 TB Diagnostic and Treatment Centers (DTC) in Togo between 2015 and 2016....
Assessing tuberculosis preventive methods in the Somme department: Collaboration between the Tuberculosis Control Center and its partners
November 2019
Tuberculosis Control Center (TBCC) is responsible for prevention of the TB in France. The collaboration of this center with its partners has not yet been studied. All notified cases of TB and all of their contacts screened between 2007 and 2011 were retrospectively included. Communication between actors in tuberculosis control was analyzed. Of the 175 reported cases, the TBCC sent 85.1% of letters to the notifiers,...
Alarming levels of ototoxicity among multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients on intensive phase of treatment at specialist treatment centers in South Western, Nigeria
September 2019
Management of multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients remains a challenge in the control of tuberculosis worldwide. MDR-TB patients require long term treatment with drugs that cause various adverse effects especially ototoxicity associated with aminoglycoside. Current treatment guidelines still include aminoglycosides use especially in developing countries. However, there is dearth of information regarding...
Awareness and psychosocial support for breast cancer patients and its public health implications
September 2019
Breast cancer is the most common and steeply rising cancer among women in Bangladesh. This qualitative observational study is done to assess the psychosocial sufferings of breast cancer patients. The purpose of the study is to evaluate eradication of social obstacles and to amend the overall level of distress and stigma associated with breast cancer. The observational prospective study was conducted on 240 patients aged...
Determinants of focused antenatal care service satisfaction in public health facilities in Ethiopia 2018: A mixed study design
September 2019
Ethiopia has been implementing focused antenatal care package to reduce maternal and child deaths. The quality of antenatal care service has not being resolved widely due to unstandardized measurement. Hence, this study assessed determinants of focused antenatal care service satisfaction in Public Health Facilities of West Guji Zone, Ethiopia, 2018. A facility based cross-sectional triangulated with qualitative study...
Knowledge and practice of essential newborn care among postnatal mothers in Addis Ababa City Health Centers, Ethiopia
September 2019
Essential newborn care is a wide-ranging approach planned to improve the health of newborn through interventions after pregnancy. In Ethiopia, about 120,000 newborns die every year in the first weeks of life which accounts for 42% of all deaths of under-five mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of essential newborn care practices among mothers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A...
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa
August 2019
Hepatitis B is the world’s most common serious liver infection caused by Hepatitis B virus (HBV). Rate of vertical transmission is very high from infected mother to baby and has adverse effect on both. A cross-sectional study involving a total of 384 pregnant women attending Gandhi Memorial Hospital in Addis Ababa from April to June 2017 was conducted to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of HBV among...
Family engagement: A model for improved health outcomes in Puerto Rico
August 2019
Puerto Rico has been undergoing economic and health crises, which were exacerbated by damages from hurricane Maria in 2017. Family is central to the Latino culture, in which it is commonly referred to as familismo. The term implies strong family ties and engagement in all aspects of Puerto Rican life. This study examined how it could be harnessed as a powerful tool to improve health outcomes in that context. The...
Willingness of community to enroll in community based health insurance and associated factors at household Level in Siraro District, West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia
August 2019
To ensure that health care is accessible to all, Community Based Health Insurance (CBHI) should be promoted and more people should be encouraged to participate in it. The aim of this study is to assess the willingness of community to enroll in community based health insurance and factors associated at household level in Siraro District, Ethiopia, 2017. Community based cross sectional study design was employed for 413...
Framework for establishing data gaps: A case for sustainable development goal 3
July 2019
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted by members states of the United Nations in September 2015. One of the major principles of the SDGs is “Leave No One Behind”. As such SDG monitoring requires data from all population groups, particularly the most vulnerable and most unreachable. This poses a challenge to governments in terms of collecting data from such groups to monitor status of SDGs....
Knowledge, attitudes, perception and behaviours of HIV/AIDS among end-cycle students in Cote d’Ivoire: Cross-sectional survey
July 2019
In Cote d’Ivoire, the prevalence of HIV/AIDS has declined significantly in the last decade as a result of public health actions. An assessment of knowledge, attitudes, perception and behaviours was carried out to assess the outcome of the strategies for raising awareness and communicating with students about HIV/AIDS. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 among students enrolled in third year...
Factors affecting utilization of antenatal care services and institutional delivery at Koghum in Jos South, Plateau State, Nigeria
July 2019
Access to antenatal care services promotes safe motherhood and delivery. This study identified factors influencing the utilization of antenatal care services and health facility-based delivery. A cross sectional survey was conducted. Households were enumerated, and a systematic sampling method was deployed. A sample size of 200 was used. Of the 200 HHs, 198 women were interviewed using pretested semi-structured...
Knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of premarital sex among bedsit-living students in Hue City, Vietnam
April 2019
The study aimed to explore knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of premarital sex and its associated factors among bedsit-living students. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Hue city, Vietnam in 2015. Multi-stage cluster sampling was used to recruit students. Data were collected by using a self-administered questionnaire at participant’s room. A total of 730 students (men/women: 44.2%/55.8%,...
Relationship of combined frequency of hypertension and diabetes mellitus to socioeconomic status: A comparative study in Anambra State of Nigeria
April 2019
There are conflicting reports on the relationship between hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) with socioeconomic status. This study explores this relationship individually and jointly. This is a cross sectional comparative study. Adults that participated in medical outreach organized for high and low socioeconomic status (SES) were tested for hypertension and DM. Mean age in years for high and low SES was 58.69...
Knowledge, attitude and uptake of family planning services among women of reproductive age group attending outpatient clinic at a tertiary health institution in Edo State, Nigeria
March 2019
Globally, family planning service is an essential element of reproductive health care and contributes immensely to the reduction of the worldwide burden of maternal and child morbidity and mortality. This study was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude and uptake of family planning services, among women of reproductive age group attending outpatient clinic at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria. A...
Combined exposure pattern of household products used by consumers
March 2019
To accurately evaluate the health risk of consumers from the combined effects of substances in multiple used household products, data on co-use and multiple-use habits and practices of consumers necessarily constitute a fundamental element of the exposure assessment process. To understand the current combined use pattern of household products, reliable combined exposure data were investigated. Eleven household product...
Community based health insurance as a viable option for health financing: An assessment of household willingness to pay in Lagos, Nigeria
February 2019
The high cost and effect of out of pocket payments for health care on households in developing countries have led to the use of community-based health insurance (CBHI) as a viable alternative for health care funding. The overall objective of the study was to assess the perception and determinants of willingness-to-pay (WTP) for a proposed community based health insurance scheme in urban and rural households in Lagos...
Superstitious knowledge of the phenomena of teeth eruption in rural area of Ferlo in Senegal
February 2019
Teeth are physiological phenomenon that appears in child and who begins around 6 to 8 months after birth. The aim of this work was to study superstitious knowledge of the phenomena of teeth eruption in the mothers peulhs of Ferlo in Senegal. The research method was a descriptive and qualitative study; comprising questioning the mothers of children in the phase of active teeth eruption by structured, semi-structured...
Risky sexual behaviors and associated factors among high and preparatory school youth, East Wollega, Ethiopia, 2017: A cross-sectional study design
January 2019
Most of the sexual initiation and sexual practice of the youth begins at secondary school level. At this stage student assumed to be exposed to many risky sexual behaviors. However, little research had been explored in the Oromia region particularly in East Wollega zone on this area. A cross-sectional study design was used to assess risky sexual behavior and associated factors among high school and preparatory school...
Proper utilization of long lasting treated net and associated factors at Zuway Dugda district, Arsi zone, Ethiopia
January 2019
Insecticide-treated net is one of the main malaria control strategies reducing its incidence by half. This study measured proper utilization of insecticide-treated nets in the study area. To assess proper utilization of insecticide treated net and determinants among households of Zuway Dugda district, Ethiopia. Community based cross-sectional multistage study conducted using structured questionnaire via interview and...
Barriers of palliative care practice among health care providers: In case of Jimma town, south west Ethiopia
January 2019
Globally, palliative care is an urgent humanitarian need for patients with cancer and other chronic disease. Currently, it is estimated that only one in ten people who need palliative care receive it. Therefore, this study is aimed to identify barriers preventing people from using the service. Institutional based qualitative case study was conducted among twenty- seven purposively selected health care providers. Two...
Immunization coverage of 12 to 23 months old children in Ethiopia
January 2019
Vaccine preventable diseases are the major global health problem which contributes to morbidity and mortality of less than 5 years child population. But, the immunization coverage worldwide is below the target. Therefore, the study was aimed at immunization coverage of 12 to 23 months old children in Areka Town, Sothern Ethiopia. A community based cross-sectional study conducted from 10th March to 19th June 19, 2016 in...
Assessment of public knowledge, attitude and practices towards rabies in the community of Kombolcha, Southern Wollo, Amhara Reginal State, Ethiopia
January 2019
The study was conducted from November 2016 to April 2017 in 12 kebeles (the smallest administrative unit of Ethiopia) of Kombolcha, Southern Wollo Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. The aims of the study were to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of Kombolcha’s community toward rabies and associated risk factors. A cross-sectional study design and multistage sampling procedures were employed to...
The association between sugary food and drinks intake and the risk of stroke mortality in the adventist health study-2
December 2018
A high consumption of added sugar has been associated with several cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. The main goal was to assess the association of sugary food and drink intake on the risk of stroke mortality. The Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2) is a prospective study with approximately 96,000 participants from the United States and Canada. Subjects were...
Risky sexual behaviors and associated factors among preparatory school students in Arba Minch town, Southern Ethiopia
December 2018
There is growing evidence suggesting that young people in school are practicing risky sexual behaviors. Ethiopian people aged 10 to 24 years have emerged as the segments of the population most vulnerable to a broad spectrum of serious sexual health problems. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess risky sexual behaviors and associated factors among preparatory school students in Arba Minch, Southern...
Prevalence of hepatitis B virus, its risk factors and co-infection with human immune deficiency virus among clients of voluntary counseling and testing center in Hosanna, Southern Ethiopia
December 2018
Hepatitis B infection (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem worldwide and its co-infection with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) is common due to shared routes of transmission. An increased mortality due to accelerated hepatic disease progression and the frequent hepatotoxicity caused by antiretroviral therapy are the challenges in the clinical management of HIV. Epidemiological studies on HBV and...
Prevalence and socio-demographic factors associated with malaria infection among children under five years in Tanzania
November 2018
Malaria is one among four main infectious diseases leading in death for the under-five children in Africa. This study aim to determine prevalence of malaria and social demographic factors related with children under-five in Tanzania. The study used cross section data extracted from Tanzania demographic health survey collected from 2015 to 2016. A sample of 9,322 under five children with malaria rapid diagnostic test...
Bacteriology of Opa River, Ile-Ife, Nigeria and its public health implication on selected bordering areas
November 2018
This study determined the bacteriological quality of water from the Opa River and assessed the impact of human behaviour on the quality of water along the river course. Twenty five water samples were collected over a period of five weeks at five selected points based on population clusters along the river. A hundred questionnaire items were administered to randomly selected residents to elicit information about the...
Assessment of the unmet needs of contraception among female undergraduate students in southern Nigeria
November 2018
The proportion of women who have an unmet need for modern contraception is highest (24%) in Sub-Saharan Africa, which is double the world average of 12% in 2015. This unmet need leads to unintended pregnancies, unsafe abortions and limitation of women’s ability to achieve educational, employment and economic goals. This study aims to assess the unmet needs of contraception and the reasons for contraceptive non-use...
Prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis in Ogun state, Southwest, Nigeria
November 2018
Schistosomiasis is an environmentally-mediated disease that depend on the presence of suitable habitats for snails, which serve as intermediate hosts for the causative parasites. Research has shown that the disease is endemic in Osun state and remains unabated. Until now, there has never been any mapping of the disease in the State. This study will serve as a reliable baseline data for intervention planning in the...
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