Myrothamnus flabellifolius attenuates streptozotocin-high energy diet-induced type 2 diabetes in male sprague dawley rats
December 2020
Several medicinal plants have anti-diabetic properties and can be considered as an alternative therapy because of their actions which are like those of conventional antidiabetic drugs. In this study, we investigated Myrothamnus flabellifolius (MF) ethanol: water (70:30) extract for its possible anti-diabetic potential in streptozotocin-high energy diet (STZ-HED) induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats and its...
Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of methanol extract of Garcinia Kola Heckle fruit mesocarp
November 2020
The phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of the methanol extract of Garcinia kola fruit mesocarp were investigated against four bacteria and two fungi in the study. The extract was investigated for the presence of phytochemicals using standard phytochemical screening methods. The results revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, and reducing sugar. The...
Inhibitory effects of Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan stem bark extract on α-glucosidase activity and oxidative stress
November 2020
In this study, we investigated the promising potential of Anadenanthera colubrina bark extract (BEAc) as a product to combat diabetes mellitus (DM). We evaluated the inhibitory effects of BEAc on α-glucosidase and the oxidation of biomolecules, as well as its main phytoconstituents. In terms of free radical scavenging, BEAc exhibited a dose-effect relationship. BEAc was more efficient than rutin and butylated...
Lavandula angustifolia aqueous extract ameliorates anxiety and depressive-like behaviors in chronic mild stress-treated male rats
November 2020
The study aims to show the possible anxiolytic and antidepressant-like properties of an oral lavender’s flower aqueous extract (LAE) in chronic mild stress (CMS) model of rats. Test and control rats received LAE (200 or 400 mg/ kg) and distilled water respectively. Tests of Sucrose preference (SP), elevated plus maze (EPM), and open field (OFT) were used to evaluate rats’ behavioral changes. The...
Evaluating the antibacterial, antioxidant and wound healing properties of the stem bark extract of Khaya grandifoliola (Welw) CDC (Meliaceae) (African mahogany)
November 2020
The study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound healing properties of the stem bark of Khaya grandifoliola (Welw) CDC (Meliaceae). A preliminary phytochemical screening conducted showed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, saponins, reducing sugars, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenols in the stem bark (KG) as well as its ethanol extract (KGE). The antibacterial activity of KGE was evaluated...
In vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the root extract of Aspilia mossambicensis (Oliv) Wild (Asteraceae)
November 2020
Aspiliamossambicensis(Oliv) Wild is used by Traditional Health Practitioners in northeastern Tanzania, for treatment of cancers. In order to evaluate these claims root powder of the plant was extracted with dichloromethane: methanol (1:1), followed by vacuum liquid chromatography fractionation to obtain dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions which were screened for brine shrimp toxicity and antioxidant...
Anticonvulsant activities of friedelan-3-one and n-dotriacontane both isolated from Harungana madagascariensis Lam (Hypericaceae) seeds extracts
October 2020
Chemical investigation of the crude methanol/methylene chloride (1:1) extract of the seeds of Harungana madagascariensis resulted in the isolation of two known compounds namely n-dotriacontane and friedelan-3-one. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined on the basis of 1D NMR spectroscopy and comparison with literature data. The crude extract and the two compounds were evaluated for their anticonvulsant...
Hypoglycaemic effects of Salvia officinalis extracts on alloxan-induced diabetic Swiss albino mice
October 2020
Diabetes mellitus is the fourth killer disease globally. The available management strategies are quite expensive and sometimes unsafe. This necessitates the need for bio-active drugs from medicinal plants. Although Salvia officinalis (sage) is used in herbal medicine, the scientific validation for anti-diabetic effects of various extracts has been elusive. The present study aimed to determine and compare the...
Eerdun Wurile protects neuron and promotes neurite outgrowth through regulation of apoptotic gene expression in PC-12 cells
October 2020
Eerdun Wurile (EW) is one of the most widely used traditional Mongolian medicines for stroke recovery. Previous studies revealed that EW regulates brain gene expression in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). However, the fraction of active components and the specific genes regulated by such fractions have not been elucidated clearly. The study shows that the extracts of EW regulate the expression of...
Larvicide and repellent activity of Hypenia irregularis (Benth.) Harley in the alternative control of mosquito Aedes aegypti
October 2020
Dengue is an emerging epidemic disease and among those transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, it is the one with the highest number of cases and cases with death. With the wide dissemination of the beneficial effects of medicinal plants and the use in agriculture as a pesticide, studies on the prospection of plants with toxic activity have been increasing, highlighting extracts and essential oils. The objective of...
Future molecular medicine from white frangipani (Plumeria alba L.): A review
October 2020
White frangipani (Plumeria alba L.) is tropical and subtropical plants, have been familiar used in many traditional medication as well as aromatherapy, especially for the flower part. Scientific study, but was not so many, reporting some pharmacological and toxicological effects of this plant which lead to more depth study at molecular level. This review describes the pharmacological and toxicological effect of the...
Evaluation of antioxidant and protective effect against genotoxic damage of two extracts of chaya leaves (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius)
October 2020
Stress, excessive consumption of processed foods, pollutants and many other factors of today's life have caused oxidative stress in our body and damage to genetic material in our cells, leading to diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cancer, metabolic syndrome, among others. Medicine has returned to take up traditional remedies mainly in plants. Chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) has been studied in this regard,...
Antibacterial activities of ethyl acetate and methanol leaf extracts of Psidium guajava and Carica papaya on bacterial pathogens isolated from manual toothbrushes
October 2020
Toothbrush has become a potential source of infection, owing to contamination by various pathogens as a result of poor oral hygiene awareness and practices. This study investigated the antibacterial activities of ethyl acetate and methanol leaf-extracts of Psidium guajava (guava) and Carica papaya (paw-paw) on bacteria pathogens isolated from toothbrushes. A total of 100 manual used toothbrushes of different brands were...
Optimization by mixture design of the antimicrobial activities of five selected essential oils
October 2020
The individual antimicrobial activities of essential oils have been reported by many authors. However, there is little information about the effects of their mixtures in order to maximize their effect and reduce the growing resistance of pathogens to existing medicines. So, the aim of this work is to optimize the antibacterial and antifungal activities of essential oils from Plectranthus glandulosus, Ocimum gratissimum,...
Protective effect of piperine from Piper chaba fruits on LPS-induced inflammation in human intestinal cell line
September 2020
Piper chaba is a flowering vine in the family of piperaceae. It is a spicy plant widely used as food and herbal medicine in the South and Southeast Asian countries. The study evaluated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of a major alkaloid extract, piperine, from P. chaba fruits on human colonic epithelial cells. The effects of piperine extract on cell viability, pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibition, and...
Larvicidal activity of Juniperus procera extract against anopheles mosquito in in vitro, North Western Ethiopia
September 2020
Mosquitoes are the major health threat as they transmit plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. Since mosquitoes developed resistances towards insecticides, investigators are searching for alternative control measures. Bioactive plant chemicals have been identified to serve as a defense mechanism against insects’ larvae. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate larvicidal activities of Juniperus procera...
Screening open source traditional Chinese medicine extracts for growth-inhibiting properties towards Acinetobacter baumannii
September 2020
Infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii and other pathogenic bacteria are a worldwide concern due to their increasingly prevalent multidrug resistance. World leaders and health organizations across the globe have voiced their concerns over antibiotic resistance and the critical need for the development of novel antibiotics. Although the number of new antibiotic drugs entering the marketplace in recent years has...
Antibacterial, total phenols, antioxidant, and fatty acids of the lyophilized body fat of Podocnemis expansa (Schweigger, 1812) from farm in Acre State, Brazil
September 2020
Podocnemis expansa (Podocnemididae) is a chelonian of suborder Pleurodira and is popularly known as Amazon turtle. The animal’s body fat was removed from the farm in Xapuri city in Acre State, Brazil. The fat was lyophilized and the oil was extracted by the Soxhlet method using hexane, as a solvent. The fatty acids majority, identified and quantified by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector, were:...
Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants commonly used in snakebites in North Western Nigeria
September 2020
The incidence of snake bite in rural West Africa is reportedly high with an 11–17% mortality rate. Nigeria has one third of the cases for snake bite cases in this region.Thus, most tribes in North-western part of Nigeria depend on medicinal plants for snakebites. However, it appears that a gap exists on documentation of these plants especially tropical flora used in the management of snake bite. This led to...
In vitro antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava (Guava) leaves extract on carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae causing multi-drug resistant systemic infections
September 2020
Systemic bacterial infections affect almost all part of the human body systems leading to infections such as urinary tract infections, septicemia, meningitis, pneumonia, peritonitis and gastritis. Carbapenems have been used as drug of choice in the treatment of systemic infections. Studies have indicated that Enterobacteriaceae are producing enzymes such as carbapenemases, which inactivate carbapenems. There ...
Medicinal plants used against malaria by traditional therapists in malaria endemic areas of the Ségou region, Mali
September 2020
West Africa is one of the regions in Africa with the highest levels of malaria transmission a descriptive study was carried out to inventorise the medicinal plants traditionally used against malaria by traditional therapists in five malaria endemic areas of the Ségou region, in Mali. Sixty-five traditional therapists were randomly selected to be part of the study. Questions were posed using semi-structured...
Chemo preventive effect of methanol extract of Anacardium occidentale nut shell on ultra-violet radiation induced skin damage
September 2020
Anacardium occidentale nut shell liquid has been used for decades especially by natives of South America, Asia and Africa in the treatment of topical skin diseases, abrasion and cancerous ulcers amongst others. Chronic exposure to sunlight can lead to skin damages including erythema, edema, hyperplasia, formation of sunburn cells, photo-aging, suppression of the immune system and skin cancer. This study was aimed at...
Ethnobotanical study of plants used against onchocerciasis in the far north region of Cameroon
September 2020
Despite the multitude of studies which have shown the use of medicinal plants in the management of parasitic diseases, little data was available on the plants used against onchocerciasis. Ethnobotanical surveys were carried out among traditional healers in the Far North region of Cameroon. Studies were conducted from July 2017 to May 2018 through direct interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire taking into...
Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of dried pods of Prosopis Africana
August 2020
Evolving resistant microbial strains have posed a great challenge on antibacterial chemotherapy in recent times. Search for novel antimicrobial agents has therefore remained a highly prospective area of research, especially those of plant origin. To this end, Prosopis africana pod used in West Africa in traditional medicine was evaluated for phytochemical constituents using standard procedures. Antibacterial activity...
Effect of Aloe resin on cell migration between Scratch and Boyden chamber assays
August 2020
Effect of herbal medicine on cell migration is one of the therapeutic points. The objective of this study was to compare the Scratch assay with the Boyden chamber assay for evaluating cell migration with Aloe resin as the chemoattractant agent. Human gingival fibroblasts cells (2.5×105 cells/ml) were exposed to 0.02% (w/v) of Aloe resin in 6-well culture plates for the Scratch assay or in 24-transwell-culture...
Determination of total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and nutrients in Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa H. B. K.)
August 2020
Bertholletia excelsa is native to the Amazon, and it grows in the forests that border the great rivers of the Amazon. This tree brings interest in the commercialization of its fruit, which is called the urchin and almond. Bertholletia excelsa has antioxidant properties, and it is rich in phenolic compounds. In this research, the antioxidant capacity of the Brazilian nut from the city of São João da Baliza...
Medicinal plants used in ethnoveterinary practices in the Federal Capital Territory, North-Central Nigeria
August 2020
A survey of medicinal plants used in ethnoveterinary practices (EVP) was conducted in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria to document the indigenous use of this plant in the management of animal diseases. Data were collected from fifty informants which included seven traditional medical practitioners and 43 pastoralists using a structured questionnaire. A total of 31 plant species from 25 families were recorded from the...
Bioprospective potential in the traditional use of herbal medicines in an institution in Central Brazil
August 2020
Medicinal plants are important natural goods for many different peoples, especially because of their use as herbal medicines resulting from the traditional knowledge emerged from the direct contact with nature. The great experience of regional, traditional communities on the management and use of plant resources available in their regions led different populations to create and use several medicines. Even though the...
Antimalarial potential and phytochemical composition of fractions of Lippia kituiensis Vatke (Verbenaceae) growing in Northern Tanzania
August 2020
Despite past decades of steady advances in the fight against Malaria, statistics show that the disease is still a threat to human health. Previous successes in the development of antimalarial drugs from medicinal plants have fuelled research in this area. However, antimalarial studies on fractionated extracts from such plants have progressed slowly. This study reports the antimalarial potential of fractions from Lippia...
Consensus level in the traditional management of diabetes and chemical potentiality of plants from north Sudanese, Burkina Faso
August 2020
Diabetes, has become a public health problem whose prevalence is increasing in subsahelian Africa. The present study aimed to determine the consensus level of plant use and their antidiabetic potentiality. Thus, a semi-structured interview carried out from May 2014 to April 2018 with 120 traditional healers allowed retaining nine species after selection according to the frequency of citation and the bibliographic...
Comparison of antioxidant role of methanol, acetone and water extracts of Andrographis paniculata Nees
August 2020
Antioxidant properties of plants can help thwart a plethora of conditions including cancer, bronchitis, asthma, ulcers, coronary heart diseases, scabies, insomnia, senile debility, diabetes, dysentery, etc. In this study, Andrographis paniculata (Family: Acanthaceae) was investigated for antioxidant activity. 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power assay, total antioxidant capacity, 2,2'-azino-bis...
Ultrasonic assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from different parts of Hancornia Speciosa Gomes
July 2020
The proper use of plants and their extracts, whether for medicine or as a food additive, requires the use of extraction and characterization methods that allow the identification and quantification of the active principles in each extract, associating them with the effect produced. With this objective, the present work was developed to study the ultrasonic extracts of mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes),...
Effect of ethanol leaf extract of Gnetum africanum on testosterone and oestradiol induced benign prostatic hyperplasia
July 2020
The effect of ethanol leaf extract of Gnetum africanum was studied in albino rats induced with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The animals (36) were randomly grouped into six with six rats in each group. Testosterone and oestradiol every other day for 28 days was used to induce hyperplasia. The test groups (2 - 4) were treated with 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight of extract for another 28 days. Group 5 was given the...
Separation and identification of phenolics and flavonoids from wild Pistacia palaestina extract and its antioxidant activity
July 2020
An in-vitro evaluation of the antioxidant activities of wild Palestinian Pistacia palaestina extracts was done. In parallel, the total phenolic content (TPC) and the total flavonoids content (TFC) were measured. The antioxidant activities were determined spectrophotometrically by DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC and the ABTS methods. The phenolic and flavonoid contents were separated and identified using LC-PDA-MS. The P. palaestina...
Chemical composition and antioxidant activity in the essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees with medicinal interest
July 2020
Cinnamon is an evergreen tree belonging to the genus Cinnamomun; it is commonly founded in various tropical countries, consisting of more than 250 species of trees and shrubs in the Lauraceae family. This plant has had great medicinal importance in traditional medicine since ancient times. In this research, the chemical composition of the essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees was evaluated. The samples were...
Effects of aqueous leaf extracts of Tithonia diversifolia and Moringa oleifera on haematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters in albino rats
July 2020
Africa is a vast reservoir of medicinal plants which need substantial research to understand their therapeutic potential for safe use. Tithonia diversifolia (TD) and Moringa oleifera (MO) are two such plants commonly used in South-west Nigeria for their therapeutic properties. This study therefore evaluated the effects of single and combined aqueous leaf extracts of both plants on hematological, biochemical and...
Ethno-medicinal study of plants in Boricha district: Use, preparation and application by traditional healers, Southern Ethiopia
July 2020
Plants have been used as a source of traditional medicine in Ethiopia. However, this valuable ethnobotanical knowledge is not formally documented and thus the objective of this study was to investigate ethno-medicinal plants, their preparation and application in treating ailments in humans and livestock in the boricha district of Sidama Zone, Ethiopia. Forty two traditional healers (37 male and 5 female) of different...
Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of Citrus limonia Osbeck bark essential oil
July 2020
Aedes aegypti mosquito arouses the interest of public authorities, as it is a vector for four diseases (dengue, zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever) and one of the ways to combat it is through insecticides. In this study, the main constituent, the predominant class of essential oil extracted from the husks of Citrus limonia Osbeck was identified and evaluated to know if it has biological activity against larvae in the...
Control of papaya fruits anthracnose by essential oils of medicinal plants associated to different coatings
June 2020
Chemical pesticides have been commonly used for the control of various plant diseases. Although pathogens can be controlled with the application of these products, there are hazardous impacts in human health and environment. In parallel, essential oils have been shown to be effective in plant diseases management and can be safely incorporated as suitable alternatives for synthetic fungicides. Therefore, the aim of this...
The effects of aqueous extract of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth in the immune functions of thymocytes and B-lymphocytes
June 2020
Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (Fabaceae) is a tree species used in folk medicine against inflammatory disorders, and it is still unclear whether consumption of the B. virgilioides stem bark extract has any effect on immune cells. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of B. virgilioides stem bark extract (AEBv) on the functions of the thymus and B lymphocytes. The AEBv was obtained by decoction and administrated...
Hydroethanolic stem bark extract of Vernonia amygdalina Del. (Asteraceae) suppresses yeast-induced pyrexia and Plasmodium berghei malaria in murine models
June 2020
Vernonia amygdalina has been widely utilized in Ghana and other West African states for numerous parasitic infections, diabetes and some inflammatory conditions. In this study we evaluated the antipyretic and antimalarial properties as well as in vitro antioxidant activities of an ethanolic stem bark extract of V. amygdalina (VAE). The antipyretic effect of VAE was assessed using Baker’s yeast-induced pyrexia and...
Antibacterial, cytotoxic, and schistosomicidal activities of the methanolic extract from Cassia grandis L.f. (Fabaceae) stem bark and its fractions
June 2020
Cassia grandis L. (Fabaceae), a native tree from Amazon Forest, has been used in folk medicine against worms and intestinal parasites, and to treat stomach and respiratory problems, blood diseases, among others uses. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and schistosomicidal activities of the methanolic extract from C. grandis stem bark (CgME) and to elucidate the chemical profile of...
Biological properties and therapeutic applications of cannabidiol
June 2020
Cannabis sp. has important pharmacological activities, so it has been the focus of attention of the scientific community. Through the search for new drugs, it was found that cannabinoids present in the plant can modulate transient potential receptors (TPR). Cannabidiol (CBD), also known as “medical marijuana”, represents the second most abundant phytocannabinoid of the Cannabis plant and it is widely used in...
Chemical composition and biological potentials of Lebanese Cupressus sempervirens L. leaves’ extracts
June 2020
The essential oils and defatted ethanolic extracts isolated from Cupressus sempervirens L. leaves collected from two geographically distinct regions in Lebanon; Beit El-Dein (mountain) and Jbeil (sea-side) were analysed for their chemical composition by GC/MS and qualitative phytochemical screening, respectively. These were then tested for their in-vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Fourteen and eighteen...
Anti-nociceptive effects of the hydroethanolic extract of Alysicarpus ovalifolius in rodents
May 2020
Alysicarpus ovalifolius commonly known as gadagi in Northern Nigeria is claimed to possess tonic effects. Substances that show stimulant properties have demonstrated analgesic effects. This study therefore aimed at investigating the anti-nociceptive effects of the hydroethanolic extract of A. ovalifolius (HEAo) in mice and rats. The activities of the extract on acetic acid induced abdominal writhing, formalin induced...
Elemental contents of some medicinal plants using energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF)
May 2020
The presence of some elements in ten plants with anti-microbial potency was analysed using x-ray fluorescence technique. The results showed there were nineteen elements in these plants. They all contain Pb, a toxic heavy metal, except one that contains As. K, S, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Mn and Se elements were identified and their anti-microbial properties were discussed. Key words: Energy dispersive x-ray...
Chemical composition and bioactivity of essential oil from Morinda citrifolia L. fruit
May 2020
Morinda citrifolia has aroused the interest of several research institutions due to its pharmacological properties. The compounds biosynthesized can be explored as an alternative for control measures of plant pathogens causing leaf lesions in maize. The study aim at evaluating the potential effects of essential oil obtained from ripe fruits of M. citrifolia on Bipolaris maydis and Exserohilum turcicum isolated from...
Healing and topical anti-inflammatory activities of the total aqueous bark extract of Combretum glutinosum Perr. (Combretaceae)
May 2020
Combretum glutinosum Perrot. Ex DCs (Combretaceae) is a plant used in Senegalese traditional medicine. Its trunk barks are used to treat burns and wounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the healing effect and topical antiinflammatory activity of the aqueous bark extract of C. glutinosum in second degree burn and croton oil induced ear edema in mice. Phytochemically, the aqueous bark extract of C. glutinosum...
In vitro cytotoxic and anti-herpesvirus properties of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., Moraceae) leaf extracts
May 2020
The jackfruit tree (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) is considered one of the most versatile trees and is used from wood production to traditional medicine. In traditional medicine, leaves are used to treat asthma, wounds and abscesses, and prevent ringworm infection. Several biological activities have been documented for jackfruit extracts confirming its popular use; however, its in vitro cytotoxicity and...
DPPH radical scavenging activity of extracts from Urtica urens (Urticaceae)
May 2020
In this study, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts from leaves, stem-bark and root of Urtica urens were evaluated for their antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts from leaves of U. urens showed scavenging activity ranging from 7.06±2.52 to 26.01±1.84, 10.86±1.81 to...
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