<!DOCTYPE article
  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v2.0 20040830//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/2.0/journalpublishing.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="2.0" xml:lang="EN">
  <front>    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title>International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation</journal-title>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2141-243X</issn>      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Academic Journals</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5897/IJBC2013.0619</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title><![CDATA[Echinoderm diversity in Mudasal Odai and Nagapattinam coast of south east India]]></article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple">
        		        	<name name-style="western">
	            <surname>Kollimalai</surname>
            <given-names>Sakthivel</given-names>
	          </name>	
        		        	<name name-style="western">
	            <surname>S.</surname>
            <given-names>Antony Fernando</given-names>
	          </name>	
        	        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
		<corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email xlink:type="simple">ksakthi7@yahoo.co.in</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
      	<day>31</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <history>
      					<date date-type="accepted">
			<day>06</day>
			<month>09</month>
			<year>2013</year>
		</date>
			  </history>
      <volume>6</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
	  	  <fpage>1</fpage>
	  <lpage>7</lpage>
      <permissions>
		<license xlink:type="simple">
			<license-p>
			This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
			</license-p>
		</license>
	  </permissions>
	  <self-uri xlink:href="http://politicalwaffle.uk/journal/IJBC/article-abstract/F586FA742146">
		This article is available from http://politicalwaffle.uk/journal/IJBC/article-abstract/F586FA742146	  </self-uri>
	  <self-uri xlink:href="http://politicalwaffle.uk/journal/IJBC/article-full-text-pdf/F586FA742146">
		The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://politicalwaffle.uk/journal/IJBC/article-full-text-pdf/F586FA742146	  </self-uri>
	  
      <abstract><![CDATA[Echinoderm diversity was studied from Mudasal Odai (Lat.11deg;29#39;N; Long. 79deg;46#39; E) and Nagapattinam (Lat. 10deg; 46#39; N; Long. 79deg; 59#39; E) coast of Tamil Nadu, south east India. We recorded 14 species, 11 genera, 8 families, 5 orders and 3 classes in Mudasal Odai and 11 species, 8 genera, 6 families, 5 orders and 3 classes in Nagapattinam coast. The most diverse families are Temnopleuridae (4 species in Mudasal Odai and Nagapattinam). Among the genera, Salmacis, Astropecten and Echinodiscus has two species each in both study areas. The Echinoderm species Temnopleurus torumatics is the dominant in both Mudasal Odai and Nagapattinam coasts. Three species (Stellaster equestris, Ophiocnemis mamorata and Salmacis virgulata) in Mudasal Odai and three species (Salmacis bicolor, Echinodiscus auritus, Echinodiscus bisperforatus) in Nagapattinam coast were recorded as abundant species. Three species (Pentaceraster regulus, S. bicolor, E. auritus) in Mudasal Odai and four species (Stellaster equestris, O. mamorata, Salmaciella dussumieri, Salmacis virgulata) in Nagapattinam were reported as co-abundant species. Three species are present in two coasts, four species are present in Mudasal Odai. All echinoderm species are present in Mudasal Odai coast; three species are absent in Nagapattinam coast. 

	 

	Key words: Echinoderm, Mudasal Odai coast, Nagapattinam coast, Temnopleuridae, Temnopleurus torumatics, Salmacis.]]></abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
      <body/>
    <back>
		<ref-list>
			<title>References</title>
						<ref id="ref1">
				<label>1</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Bedford FP (1900). On the echinoderms from Singapore and Malacca. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 14: 271  299.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref2">
				<label>2</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Chao SM (2000). The irregular sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) from Taiwan, with descriptions of six new records. Zool. Stud. 39: 250  265.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref3">
				<label>3</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Chao SM, ChangKH(1989). Some shallow-water asteroids (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) from Taiwan. Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica 28: 215  223.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref4">
				<label>4</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Chenelot HA, Iken K, Konar B, Edwards M (2007). Spatial and temporal distribution of echinoderms in rocky nearshore areas of Alaska. In: Selected papers of the NaGISA world congress 2006: Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, eds. P.R. Rigby and Y. Shirayama, Special Publication Series. 8: 11  28.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref5">
				<label>5</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Cintra-Buenrostro CE, Reyes-Bonilla H, Herreri-Perezrul MD (2005). Oceanographic conditions and diversity of sea stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in the Gulf of California, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 53: 245  261.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref6">
				<label>6</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Clark AM (1982). Echinoderms of Hong Kong. In: The marine flora and fauna of Hong Kong and Sourthern China eds. B.S. Morton and C.K. Tseng, Hong Kong: Hong Kong Univ. Press. pp. 485  501.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref7">
				<label>7</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Clark AM, Rowe FWE (1971). Monograph of shallow water Indo-west Pacific Echinoderms. British Museum (Natural History), London. pp. 211  234.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref8">
				<label>8</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Dao Tan Ho (1994). Check list of echinoderms in Vietnam 1: Crinoidea and Echinoidea. Science and Techniques publishing house, Vietnam: p. 111.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref9">
				<label>9</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Ebert TA (1983). Recruitment in echinoderms. In Echinoderm studies, eds. M. Jangoux and J.M. Lawrence, I. Rotterdam: AA Balkema. 169  203.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref10">
				<label>10</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Ellis JR, Rogers SI (2000). The distribution, relative abundance and diversity of echinoderms in the eastern English Channel, Bristol Channel, and Irish Sea. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK. 80: 127  138.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref11">
				<label>11</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Francour P, Boudouresque CF, Harmelin JG, Harmelin-Vivien ML, Quignard JP (1994). Are the Mediterranean waters becoming warmer? Information from biological indicators. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 28: 523  536.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref12">
				<label>12</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Guidetti P, Dulcic J (2007). Relationships among predatory fish, sea urchins and barrens in Mediterranean rock reefs across a latitudinal gradient. Mar. Environ. Res. 63:168  184.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref13">
				<label>13</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Guidetti P, Mori M (2005). Morpho-functional defenses of Mediterranean sea urchins, Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula, against fish predators. Mar. Biol. 147: 797  802.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref14">
				<label>14</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Guille A, Laboute P, Menou JL (1986). Guide des toiles de mer, oursins et autres chinoderms du lagon de Nouvelle-Caldonie. Paris: Edition de lORSTOM.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref15">
				<label>15</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Halpern JA (1970). Goniasteridea (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) of the Straits of Florida. Bull. Mar. Sci. 20: 193  286.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref16">
				<label>16</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Herrero-Perezrul MD (2008). Diversity and abundance of reef macro invertebrates (Mollusca; Echinodermata) in the southern Gulf of California, Mexico. Proceedings of the 11th International Coral Reef Symposium, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. pp. 7  11.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref17">
				<label>17</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Herrero-Perezrul MD, Reyes Bonilla H, Gonzalez Azcarraga A, Cintra Buenrostro CE, Rojas Sierra A (2008). Equinodermos. In: danemann GE, Ezcurra E (eds) Bahia de Los Angeles: recursos naturales y comunidad. Linea base 2007. SEMARNAT-INE-PRONATURA NOROESTE-SDNHM. Mexico pp.339  361.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref18">
				<label>18</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Hickman CP (2009). Evolutionary responses of marine invertebrates to insular isolation in Galapagos. Galapagos Res. 66: 32  42.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref19">
				<label>19</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Iken K, Konar B, Benedetti-Cecchi Lisandro, Cruz-Motta JJ, Knowlton A (2010). Large-Scale spatial distribution patterns of Echinoderms in nearshore rocky habitats. PLoS One 5: 1  14.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref20">
				<label>20</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Jeng MS (1998). Shall-water Echinoderms of Taiping Island in the South China Sea. Zool. Stud. 37: 137  153.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref21">
				<label>21</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Kanagaraj G, Sampath Kumar P, Morandini AC (2008). The occurrence of Ophiocnemis marmorata (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) Associated with the Rhizostome Medusa Rhopilema hispidum (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa). J. Ocean Univ. China 7: 421  424.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref22">
				<label>22</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Koushik S, Raghunathan C (2012). A general account on community structure of echinoderms in north Andaman. Int. J. Biol. Pharm. Allied Sci. 1: 44  56.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref23">
				<label>23</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Lane DJW, Marsh LM, VandenSpiegel D, Rowe FWE (2000). Echinoderm fauna of the South China Sea: An inventory and analysis of distribution patterns. Raffles Bull. Zool. 8: 459  493.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref24">
				<label>24</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Li G (1991). Additional report on the echinoderms from the region of Nansha Islands. In Contribution on marine biological research of Nansha Islands and around the waters (I), eds. Q.C. Chen, Beijing: Ocean Press, (in Chinese) pp.189-197.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref25">
				<label>25</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Liao Y, Clark AM (1995). The echinoderms of southern China. Science Press, Beijing New York. p. 614.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref26">
				<label>26</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Marsh LM (1998). Hitch-hiking opiuroids. In Echinoderms: San Francisco. Proc. 9th Intl. Echinoderm Conf. eds. R.J. Mooi, and M.J. Telford, A.A. Bakelma, Rotterdam. pp. 393 - 396.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref27">
				<label>27</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[McClanahan TR, Shafir SH (1990). Causes and consequences of sea urchin abundance and diversity in Kenyan coral reef lagoons. Oecologia 83: 362  370.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref28">
				<label>28</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Menge BA (1982). Effects of feeding on the environment: Asteroides. In: Echinoderm Nutrition, eds. M. Jangoux, and J.M. Lawrence, Balkema, Netherlands. pp. 521-551.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref29">
				<label>29</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Neira R, Cantera JR (2005). Taxonomic composition and distribution of the echinoderm associations in the littoral ecosystems from the Colombian Pacific. Revista de Biologia Tropical 53: 195  206.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref30">
				<label>30</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Pancucci P, Panayotidis P, Zenetos A (1993). Morphological changes in sea urchin populations as a response to environmental stress. In: Quantified phenotypic responses in morphology and physiology, ed. J.C. Aldrich, Ashford: JAPAGA. pp. 247  257.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref31">
				<label>31</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Pearse JS (2009). Shallow-water asteroids, echinoids, and holothuroids at 6 sites across the tropical west Pacific, 1988-1989. Galaxea, J. Coral Reef Stud. 11: 1  9.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref32">
				<label>32</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Price ARG (1981). Studies on the echinoderm fauna of the Western Arabian Gulf. J. Nat. Hist. 15: 1-15.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref33">
				<label>33</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Reyes Bonilla H, Gonzlez Azcrraga A, Rojas Sierra A (2005). Estructura de las asociaciones de las estrellas de mar (Asteroidea) en arrecifes rocosos del Golfo de California, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 53: 233  244.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref34">
				<label>34</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Reza Fatemi SM, Jamili S, Valinassab T, Kuranlu N (2010). Diversity of Ophiuroidea from Lengeh Portand Qeshm Island in the Persian Gulf. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 5: 42  48.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref35">
				<label>35</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Rowe FEW, Richmond MD (2004). A preliminary account of the shallow-water echinoderms of Rodrigues, Mauritius, western Indian Ocean. J. Nat. Hist. 38: 3273  3314.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref36">
				<label>36</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Rowe FWE, Gates J (1995). Echinodermata. In: Zoological catalogue of Australia, ed. A. Wells, Melbourne: CSIRO Australia. pp. 510.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref37">
				<label>37</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Sala E, Boudouresque CF, Harmelin-Vivien M (1998). Fishing, tropic cascades, and the structure of algal assemblages: evaluation of an old but untested paradigm. Oikos 82:425  239.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref38">
				<label>38</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Sastry DRK (2007). Echinodermata of India an annotated list. Records of the Zoological Survey of India. Occasional Paper 271: 1  387.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref39">
				<label>39</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Starr M, Himmelman J, Therriault JC (1993). Environmental control of green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, spawning in the St. Lawrence Estuary. Can. J. Fish. Aquac. Sci. 50: 894  901.Tsujino M et al. (2010). Distance decay of community dynamics in rocky intertidal sessile assemblages evaluated by transition matrix models. Popul. Ecol. 52: 171  180.]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
						<ref id="ref40">
				<label>40</label>
				<mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">
				<![CDATA[Vidolin D, Santos-Gouvea IA, Freire C (2007). Differences in ion regulation in the sea urchins Lytechinus variegatus and Arbacia lixula (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK 87: 769  775.
				]]>
				</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
					</ref-list>
	</back>
    </article>