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  <front>    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title>Scientific Research and Essays</journal-title>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1992-2248</issn>      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Academic Journals</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5897/SRE2014.5875</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title><![CDATA[Flow-induced Noise Prediction for 90ËšBend Pipeby LES and FW-H Hybrid Method]]></article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple">
        		        	<name name-style="western">
	            <surname>Zhang</surname>
            <given-names>Chunjian</given-names>
	          </name>	
        		        	<name name-style="western">
	            <surname>Luo</surname>
            <given-names>Yuxi</given-names>
	          </name>	
        		        	<name name-style="western">
	            <surname>Liang</surname>
            <given-names>Jiuxing</given-names>
	          </name>	
        		        	<name name-style="western">
	            <surname>Li</surname>
            <given-names>Lala</given-names>
	          </name>	
        		        	<name name-style="western">
	            <surname>Li</surname>
            <given-names>Jiang</given-names>
	          </name>	
        	        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
		<corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email xlink:type="simple">luoyuc@163.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
      	<day>15</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <history>
      			<date date-type="received">
			<day>10</day>
			<month>03</month>
			<year>2014</year>
		</date>
						<date date-type="accepted">
			<day>29</day>
			<month>04</month>
			<year>2014</year>
		</date>
			  </history>
      <volume>9</volume>
      <issue>11</issue>
	  	  <fpage>483</fpage>
	  <lpage>494</lpage>
      <permissions>
		<license xlink:type="simple">
			<license-p>
			This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
			</license-p>
		</license>
	  </permissions>
	  <self-uri xlink:href="http://politicalwaffle.uk/journal/SRE/article-abstract/C86E88645219">
		This article is available from http://politicalwaffle.uk/journal/SRE/article-abstract/C86E88645219	  </self-uri>
	  <self-uri xlink:href="http://politicalwaffle.uk/journal/SRE/article-full-text-pdf/C86E88645219">
		The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://politicalwaffle.uk/journal/SRE/article-full-text-pdf/C86E88645219	  </self-uri>
	  
      <abstract><![CDATA[This paper focuses on an aerodynamic noise study of outlet elbow of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) machine by analyzing the wall pressure fluctuations and predicting the far filed sound generated by turbulent flow. A hybrid approach combing the Larger-Eddy Simulation (LES) and Ffcowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) acoustic analogy was used to simulate the flow distribution as well as calculate the flow-induced noise for a three-dimensional elbow pipe. Then, a different elbow structure was designed to form the appropriate structure for the air outlet via considering the sound pressure level of each model. As a result, elbow with guiding plate was demonstrated to be an effective method to reduce the aerodynamic noise strength since this design could weaken the wall pressure fluctuation and vortex magnitude. Furthermore, the decreased magnitude could reach more than 1dB when velocity increased from 5m/s to 9m/s. The results of simulation were a little higher than experimental results since the background noise, elbow vibration and the defect of FW-H equation which couldnrsquo;t be eliminated thoroughly.

	 

	Key words: Exhaust elbow, aerodynamic noise, Large-Eddy simulation, guiding plate, FW-H Acoustic Analogy]]></abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
      <body/>
    <back>
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