International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation 2141-243X Academic Journals 10.5897/IJBC2023.1609 Ellen K. Ponsian Emmanuel Usangila Emmanuel H. Masenga Eveline Munisi Grayson Mwakalebe Mary Zebedayo Wokusima Matana Levi Ngweli Maulidi Mdaki Rajabu Mikole Revocatus Meney * E-mail: ellen.ponsian@tawiri.or.tz 2024 31 07 2024 26 12 2023 13 05 2024 16 3 123 136 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://politicalwaffle.uk/journal/IJBC/article-abstract/C1E419F72588 The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://politicalwaffle.uk/journal/IJBC/article-full-text-pdf/C1E419F72588 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21